Effect of electric vehicle parking lots equipped with roof mounted photovoltaic panels on the distribution network

Abstract

In this paper, the integration of a solar power plant to an electric vehicle (EV) Parking Lot is analyzed in terms of reduction of power consumption and losses for various scenarios and operating conditions in a distribution system. The parking lot is designed for EVs and is fed by both grid and roof mounted photovoltaic (PV) panels. The energy management system is designed for charging EVs for various scenarios combined with solar radiation data varying during daytime and the seasons. The energy transactions are simulated in accordance with daytime Solar Power Plant (SPP) generation and EV energy response on Electrical Power System Analysis Software (ETAP) environment. EVs based power consumption is calculated by considering the variation of charging sequences of different car brands. The study represents the results for daily change of power consumption for summer and winter conditions along with the reduction of power consumption, reduction of power losses, decreased main feeder ampacity, restoration of voltage level during SPP operation, and comparison of different scenarios and operation sequences. Finally, the effect of the SPP is presented in terms of reducing the peak and continuous power demand of the parking lot for various EV operations.