Immersive learning in aviation: Integrating virtual, augmented, and mixed reality into cabin crew training

Abstract

This study examines how immersive technologies, including virtual, augmented, and mixed reality, can enhance cabin crew training and operational readiness in civil aviation. Drawing on established learning theories, the research investigates how immersive environments improve procedural accuracy, situational awareness, crisis management, and teamwork compared with traditional classroom and simulator-based instruction. A phenomenological design based on in-depth semi-structured interviews with 30 active cabin crew members served as the primary methodological approach, supported by a systematic review of prior studies on extended reality applications in aviation. The interviews provided detailed insights into participants' perspectives on immersive training, revealing how these technologies foster confidence, coordination, and preparedness for high-pressure flight scenarios. The findings show that immersive environments enable realistic and repeatable crisis simulations that strengthen both cognitive and behavioral learning outcomes, while also highlighting challenges related to equipment access, user comfort, and simulation fidelity. Sustainable integration requires ongoing instructor development, investment in high-quality infrastructure, and clear regulatory guidance. The study contributes to aviation management by demonstrating that incorporating immersive technologies into cabin crew education strengthens safety culture, enhances workforce digital proficiency, and supports the long-term professional development of aviation personnel.