Re-reading İbrahim Kalin's Critiques of Modernity in Bergson's Philosophy

Abstract

The subject and aim of our study is to reveal the criticisms of modernity by & Idot;brahim Kalin, who has an important place in the world of thought with his works, and to re-evaluate these criticisms by interpreting them with Bergson's philosophy. In addition, it will be shown that Kalin and Bergson put forward similar thoughts that complement each other. The fact that both thinkers base their works on the reality beyond the modern mind and on a being that has no beginning or end as well as making reason, as opposed to modern man's role as a semi-divine subject on the basis of reason, has made them the subject of our study. The reasons why Kalin puts the belief in God as a criticism of modernity against the meaning of life being determined on the basis of reason in line with the understanding of progressivism, are interpreted through concepts such as intuition, duration, becoming, consciousness and evolution, which express an existence beyond modern thought in Bergson. In this context, re-reading Kalin's criticisms of modernity, which center on modern man's attempt to use his mind independently of God and think of himself as a being superior to the rest of the world, through Bergson's philosophy, is important in terms of enriching the existing literature.