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Sensing Techniques on Determination of Chlorine Gas and Free Chlorine in Water

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dc.contributor.authorJanudin, Nurjahirah
dc.contributor.authorKasim, Noor Azilah Mohd
dc.contributor.authorKnight, Victor Feizal
dc.contributor.authorHalim, Norhana Abdul
dc.contributor.authorNoor, Siti Aminah Mohd
dc.contributor.authorOng, Keat Khim
dc.contributor.authorYunus, Wan Md Zin Wan
dc.contributor.authorNorrrahim, Mohd Nor Faiz
dc.contributor.authorMisenan, Muhammad Syukri Mohamad
dc.contributor.authorRazak, Mas Amira Idayu Abdul
dc.contributor.authorAhmad, Muhammad Zamharir
dc.contributor.authorYaacob, Mohd Hanif
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-27T14:42:12Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.description.abstractChlorine gas is a greenish-yellow gas that is one of the most utilized gases in numerous industrial fields. It has been categorized as a choking agent that can threaten human, animal, and environmental safety. Currently, development of highly sensitive, selective, and precise chlorine sensors receives much attention. This review focuses on several sensing techniques used for chlorine gas and free chlorine in water. The fundamental working principles, as well as the sensing mechanisms of chlorine detection covering spectrophotometric, electrochemical, and optical techniques, are described. A comparison of various sensing materials is also discussed. Finally, an overview of the future improvements needed of high-performance chlorine sensors was suggested.en
dc.description.sponsorshipMinistry of Higher Education Malaysia [UPNM/2018/CHEMDEF/ST/4]
dc.description.sponsorshipUniversiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (National Defence University of Malaysia)
dc.description.urihttps://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1898417
dc.identifier.doi10.1155/2022/1898417
dc.identifier.eissn1687-7268
dc.identifier.issn1687-725X
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14981/63718
dc.identifier.volume2022
dc.identifier.wos000817608000001
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherWILEY
dc.relation.ispartofJOURNAL OF SENSORS
dc.rightsopenAccess
dc.subjectWALLED CARBON NANOTUBES
dc.subjectCONDUCTING POLYMER
dc.subjectSELECTIVE DETECTION
dc.subjectHIGH-SENSITIVITY
dc.subjectELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION
dc.subjectTERNARY NANOCOMPOSITE
dc.subjectZINC PHTHALOCYANINE
dc.subjectHIGHLY EFFICIENT
dc.subjectSENSOR
dc.subjectFERRITE
dc.subjectEngineering
dc.subjectInstruments & Instrumentation
dc.titleSensing Techniques on Determination of Chlorine Gas and Free Chlorine in Water
dc.typeReview
dspace.entity.typePublication
local.import.sourceWOS

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