Seismic Data Acquisition in Mining Exploration and Analysis of Using Surveying Techniques

Abstract

Today, signals are used to explore underground mines. Seismic works include the interpretation and analysis of reflected signals. Seismic Reflection Method is the propagation of artificially generated seismic energy in the form of seismic waves, its reflection from the layer interfaces and the processing of the recorded reflections according to signal analysis techniques and transforming them into seismic sections showing underground. Seismic reflection method is currently being applied for various purposes at land and sea, but the most important application domain is oil and natural gas exploration. The Seismic Reflection Method can be applied as two dimensional (2D) or three dimensional (3D). In 2D seismic applications, only one receiver cable (streamer) is used. With seismic data collection along a line, seismic sections are obtained that show underground data after data processing. In 3D seismic applications, multiple receiver cables and multiple seismic sources are used. The seismic data are collected so as to include a volume in underground and a data set is created called seismic cube after data processing. In these seismic works, we will examine the importance of the surveying applications. Since the accurate description of the underground geology can only be achieved with the correct coordinate data, it is important that seismic exploration activities at sea are carried out with the latest technology navigation devices. In the seismic exploration works carried out on the land, obtaining licence in forested areas, topographic surveying works, dozer works, damage and lost determination works are parts of geomatic activities. The measurement methods used in seismic works for mining exploration, the verification of the measurement results, the precise determination of final 2D coordinates and especially the correct determination of heights are important in mining explorations.