Comparative Genome-Wide Analysis of the GDSL Lipase Gene Families in Common Olive (Olea europaea L. var. europaea) and Wild Olive (Olea europaea L. var. sylvestris)

Abstract

The GDSL family of lipases, known for their diverse enzymatic activities, plays important roles in plant growth and development in various plant species. In the present study, we conducted a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of the GDSL gene families in two olive varieties: common olive (Olea europaea L. var. europaea) and wild olive (Olea europaea L. var. sylvestris). Our investigation focused on elucidating the distribution of these genes across chromosomes and establishing their phylogenetic relationships with counterparts in other plant species. The genomic exploration revealed a distinct GDSL gene landscape in each olive variety, with common olive having 116 GDSL genes and oleaster having 77 GDSL genes. Additionally, syntenic analysis unveiled a small overlap of nine collinear genes between common olive and oleaster. Strikingly, oleaster had a higher number of collinear genes with Arabidopsis, sesamum, and grape compared to common olive, indicating possible evolutionary divergence in GDSL gene regulation. These findings give information on the genomic architecture of GDSL lipases in olive types, particularly the differences in distribution and evolutionary patterns between common olive and oleaster. Our research provides valuable insights into the regulatory roles of GDSL lipases in olive plants, laying the groundwork for future research into their functional significance in plant growth, development, and adaptation.