Preconcentration of Spinetoram Pesticides (XDE-175-J And XDE-175-L) From Apple Powder Samples Before HPLC-UV Determination

Abstract

An analytical method was developed for the trace determination of spinetoram in apple powder samples, employing spraying-based fine droplet formation liquid phase microextraction (SFDF-LPME) coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-UV/Vis. This approach, offering significant advantages over conventional DLLME, reduces experimental steps and solvent consumption while maintaining excellent analytical performance. The method exhibited remarkable sensitivity, with detection and quantification limits (LOD and LOQ) of 1.69 and 5.64 mu g/kg for XDE-175-J, and 2.21 and 7.38 mu g/kg for XDE-175-L, respectively. Wide linear calibration ranges of 4.39-170.19 mu g/kg for XDE-175-J and 4.40-44.53 mu g/kg for XDE-175-L were obtained with acceptable coefficients of determination. Recovery experiments were conducted with the spiked apple powder samples, which revealed recoveries ranging from 98.28% to 120.61% for XDE-175-J and 93.64% to 128.38% for XDE-175-L, with relative standard deviations below 10%. The developed SFDF-LPME-HPLC-UV/Vis method presents a highly efficient and eco-friendly solution for the precise analysis of spinetoram in real-world samples.