Exploring Mathematical Modeling and CFD in Convective Drying of Fruits and Vegetables: A Review

Abstract

This review paper mainly concentrates on mathematical models, simulations, and CFD studies in the field of convective drying of fruits and vegetables. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of past and current research and recent studies on mathematical modeling for convective drying of fruits and vegetables, with a special consideration of computational approach studies. The main parameters in numerical models of drying fruits and vegetables are presented, and fundamental literature studies in numerical analysis in convective drying are showcased. The main mathematical models, boundary equations, transfer mechanisms, and solution methods are introduced. The simulation of the drying process throughout computational fluid dynamics (CFD) allows for the examination and exploration of airflow and temperature distribution patterns. In this paper, the main CFD software packages used in drying applications have been discussed with their advantages, limitations, and applications. To better understand the drying processes, the factors affecting drying kinetics have been explained. This comprehensive review will be useful for future studies on drying processes, in particular for analysis, optimization, and design of new drying systems.