Parameter Estimation of the Dirichlet Distribution Based on Entropy

Abstract

The Dirichlet distribution as a multivariate generalization of the beta distribution is especially important for modeling categorical distributions. Hence, its applications vary within a wide range from modeling cell probabilities of contingency tables to modeling income inequalities. Thus, it is commonly used as the conjugate prior of the multinomial distribution in Bayesian statistics. In this study, the parameters of a bivariate Dirichlet distribution are estimated by entropy formalism. As an alternative to maximum likelihood and the method of moments, two methods based on the principle of maximum entropy are used, namely the ordinary entropy method and the parameter space expansion method. It is shown that in estimating the parameters of the bivariate Dirichlet distribution, the ordinary entropy method and the parameter space expansion method give the same results as the method of maximum likelihood. Thus, we emphasize that these two methods can be used alternatively in modeling bivariate and multinomial Dirichlet distributions.