The evolution of habitat in modern architecture: a transdisciplinary perspective

Abstract

This study explores the evolution of the habitat concept in modern architecture and its impact on urban planning and sustainable development. The research aims to analyze how the concept has evolved over time and its interdisciplinary applications in architectural practice. Using a bibliometric analysis of 971 documents published between 1975 and 2023, the study examines publication trends, key themes, and shifts in research focus. Findings show a growing emphasis on sustainability and urban resilience, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. Initially centered on residential areas - reflecting post-World War II reconstruction efforts and community identity - the habitat concept has expanded to include urban-scale planning and the integration of cultural, environmental, and social factors. Key milestones influencing this evolution include the 1953 IX CIAM Congress and the 1976 HABITAT I Conference, which, alongside the United Nations Human Settlements Programme, established global frameworks to address housing and urban challenges. This study contributes to architectural research by highlighting the expanding role of the habitat concept in creating compact, resilient cities. It emphasizes the importance of sustainable design in responding to global crises and shaping future urban environments, providing valuable insights for architects, urban planners, and policymakers.