Structural characterization and dielectric parameters of polyindole/WO3 nanocomposites

Abstract

In the present study, polyindole/tungsten trioxide (PIn/WO3) nanocomposites have been prepared and characterized in the context of their structural properties as well as frequency-dependent (ac) electrical features for the first time. While PIn polymer has been synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization, WO3 nanorods have been obtained by using the hydrothermal method. Several studies, that is, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, energy dispersive X-ray, X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, dielectric properties on these PIn/WO3 nanocomposites have been carried out. These investigations showed the average particle size of WO3 between 15.36 and 44.71 nm. The pure PIn and WO3 were compatible with the surface morphology of the PIn and WO3 reported in the scientific literature. The dielectric analyses have been carried out in the context of both the real and imaginary components of complex permittivity and electrical modulus. The epsilon ' values of all PIn/WO3 composites have been observed lower than that of pure Pln and epsilon ' decreased with the increasing amount of WO3 in the PIn matrix for the low-frequency range. Electric modulus analysis showed that the increase in M ' value with frequency implies a tendency to reach a Mmax ' value which can be interpreted as short-range mobile charge carriers perform the electrical conductivity.